This measure describes the asymmetry of the collected studies' distribution. This article introduces a new measure, the skewness of the standardized deviates, to quantify publication bias. Egger's regression intercept may be considered as a candidate measure, but it lacks an intuitive interpretation. Such measures can be used as a characteristic of a meta-analysis also, they permit comparisons of publication biases between different meta-analyses. Although these approaches have been widely used in applications, measures for quantifying publication bias are seldom studied in the literature. Funnel-plot-based methods include visual examination of a funnel plot, regression and rank tests, and the nonparametric trim and fill method. Selection models use weight functions to adjust the overall effect size estimate and are usually employed as sensitivity analyses to assess the potential impact of publication bias. Currently, approaches to dealing with publication bias can be distinguished into two classes: selection models and funnel-plot-based methods. Publication bias is a serious problem in systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which can affect the validity and generalization of conclusions.
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